There was a break of almost two months before Norris and Bittaker went cruising again. The prosecutor offered the evidence to prove defendant's state of mind -- that defendant did not feel intimidated by Norris -- rather than defendant's conduct on any particular occasion. At one point he asked her, what are you sniveling about?. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. 752 [127 P. 58] (overruled prospectively in People v. Williams (1981) 29 Cal. Jackie Gilliam was 15 years old, Leah Lamp just 13. People v. Ghent (1987) 43 Cal. FN 19. Although the evidence on this point is conflicting, Officer Valento may have announced that it was the Burbank police. Between February and June, the two men drove up and down the Pacific Coast Highway where they would stop at beaches, talk with some of the girls there and snap photographs, seemingly acting like a couple of normal guys, rather than two men practicing for a killing spree. Much like the other victims, Shirley endured horrific rapes and torture with several instruments, including screwdrivers. Norris tied her wrists and ankles, and covered her mouth with tape. 3d 1085], Both cases permit the court to excuse a juror when that juror has given an unequivocally disqualifying answer. Dalton contacted his lawyer, and both of them went to the Los Angeles police, where Dalton told them about Norriss boasting about killing the four girls, and how the body found in Hermosa Beach was exactly what Norris described. Please contact Find a Grave at [emailprotected] if you need help resetting your password. He ended up serving time with the California Youth Authority, where he stayed until he was 19. We do not believe they can be altered by contract so as to limit the court to reviewing the district attorney's discretionary finding as to whether Norris told the truth. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Shirley Ledford (6681995)? On Halloween night in 1979, 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford became their fifth and final victim. It was getting late, around 10:45 p.m., and she was glad that someone had stopped to drive her. There was a problem getting your location. The Jury Hears The Tape Of Shirley Lynette Ledford's Horrible Death Roy Norris plead guilty, sparing him the death penalty, and on May 7, 1980, was sentenced to 45 years to life, with parole eligibility from 2010. He then removed it, and did the same with the other ear. This modus operandi saw the murders named 'The Toolbox Killings', and in 1981 Bittaker was sentenced to death, while Norris accepted a plea deal whereby he agreed to testify against Bittaker and . The conclusion was that Bittaker would likely continue to commit new crimes once he was released. 3d 1097]. His suicide note stated that the murders haunted him. In 1979, the infamous pair embarked on a 5-month . fn. Finally, deciding to end the game, Norris began to strangle her, but he made a mess of it. Bittaker was sentenced to death for his crimes, but he ultimately died in prison in 2019. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. The time for obtaining copies of evidence and submitting them to expert examination is before trial, not during the prosecution's case. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. ). If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? His opinion thus falls under those covered by section 1076. But this time, they made a mistake. At trial, confronted with the tape, Bittaker actually had the audacity to claim that it was just a threesome, and pointed out that Lynette had asked them to kill her. He showed Norris two pictures in which Hall appeared frightened, and told Norris that he took them after telling Hall that he was going to kill her, and challenging her to come up with as many reasons as she could why he should not kill her. His death came a little more than two months after his partner in the crimes, Lawrence Sigmond Bittaker, . Norris wrestled her to the floor, stripped the clothes of the her. When the van pulled over and offered them a lift, they accepted. The girls continued making complaints and said they wanted to get out, and Norris was trying to shut them up, but failing. Andrea wasnt a pushover, and there was a struggle, but finally, Norris managed to sweep her legs out from under her and succeeded in getting her arms behind her back. Transcript fo. An audio tape of Shirley Lynette Ledford's final moments, found in Bittaker's van, would be the most damning evidence at the trial. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. TRANSCRIPT OF SHIRLEY LYNETTE LEDFORD AUDIO RECORDING#Shirleylynetteledford #toolboxkillers #behindhistory Rptr. After three weeks, the trial came to an end, and on February 17, 1981, Bittaker was found guilty of the five murders, plus 21 other related charges. A later decision, People v. Davenport (1985) 41 Cal. To view a photo in more detail or edit captions for photos you added, click the photo to open the photo viewer. An autopsy revealed that, in addition to having been sexually violated, she had died of strangulation after receiving extensive blunt-force trauma to the face, head, breasts, and left elbow, with her olecranon sustaining multiple fractures. 3d 1076] signed that portion of the opinion. For their next victim, 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford, the two decided to record her entire torture session. Bittaker and Norris also murdered Lucinda Schaefer, 16, of Torrance, on June 24 of that year; Andrea Joy Hall, 18, of Tujunga, on July 8, 1979; and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16, of Sun Valley,. The killings began that June, with the death of Lucinda Lynn Schaefer, 16. 2d 782, 87 S. Ct. 1642], and People v. Hill, supra, 12 Cal. She immediately recognized him, and this time, she took down his license number and called the police. Bittaker and Norris decided that this time they would not dispose of the body by throwing it from a cliff. 2.20.) On Halloween night, Bittaker and Norris went out hunting for another victim. Rptr. Convicted, he got a sentence of five years, but was paroled in April, 1970. As soon as the van stopped, Leah tried to open the van door and get out, but Norris was too fast. (Carmichael, p. 3d 425, 436 [162 Cal. But it was plainly obvious that this was not a strangler victim, this was something much worse. Lawrence Sigmond Bittaker, who was responsible for the death of five California teenage girls 40 years ago, died of natural causes at 4 p.m. Friday at San Quentin State . When he returned, defendant was alone. The two men drove back into Los Angeles, pleased with the nights accomplishments, but also feeling unsatisfied. FN 26. The coat hanger was still wrapped around her neck. So, that November, the authorities released him from prison. Listen Later. The sliding door was closed and the van sped off. Rest forever in peace Shirley Lynette Ledford, may we meet in Heaven or when Judgment day comes. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Bittakers life had taken on a bizarre pattern. Average Age & Life Expectancy Shirley Lynette Ledford lived 54 years shorter than the average Ledford family member when she died at the age of 16. (See People v. Velasquez (1980) 26 Cal. medianet_width = "728"; Prosecutors must demonstrate to the court that there are special circumstances that support the call for a death sentence. cemeteries found within kilometers of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. 2d 755 [290 P.2d 855]; Kaplin v. Superior Court (1971) 6 Cal. [O]ne of the questions I do remember was about listening to gruesome testimony. The sought imposition of the death penalty thus rests upon the unproven and illegitimate assumption that it acts as a deterrent to the described 'potential killers'. Eventually, the skeletal remains of Leah Lamp and Jackie Gilliam were discovered, what was left of them. She was followed by Andrea Joy Hall, 18; Jacqueline Doris Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16. WebThe audio tape Bittaker and Norris created of themselves raping and torturing Shirley Lynette Ledford remains in the possession of the FBI Academy. The bodies of Schaefer and Hall were never found. All photos uploaded successfully, click on the Done button to see the photos in the gallery. Laboratory examination showed sperm in her mouth, vagina and anus. You are only allowed to leave one flower per day for any given memorial. Forty-eight hours later, a jogger found her naked remains on a random front lawn in Sunland, California. After listening to what Dalton had to tell them, they passed him along to the detectives at Hermosa Beach. (P. The court sustained the prosecutor's objection. Sergeant Farrand was stationed approximately five to six feet away from Officer Valento during the arrest. Ms. R. also selected defendant's photograph out of a photographic lineup of potential suspects. FN 8. Twenty five times the sledge hammer falls as Lynette screams in pain. The two men drove along the Pacific Coast Highway, and as it passed through Hermosa Beach, they spotted two girls sitting on a bus stop bench at the corner of the PCH and Pier Avenue. Its so much different than what youd hear in a horror movie. In May, 1970, while he was still awaiting the disposition of the two charges against him, Norris attacked a woman on the campus of San Diego State College. It was set for December 29, 1989. Criminologist Laura Brand later interviewed Bittaker while he was in prison, describing to The Independent the chills she felt when he spoke so casually of his crimes. As the two men got to know each other, they discovered they had similar interests, particularly rape and murder. What a horrible story. Instead, surveillance was placed on the pair. The prosecution did not introduce the book in its case-in-chief, but made use of it, over defense objection, in cross-examining defendant. He missed one crucial piece, though: the audio tape of Shirleys murder. Bittaker was sentenced to death in 1981 in Los Angeles County. Death 1 Nov 1979 (aged 16) Sunland, Los Angeles County, California, USA. In addition, they had come across a gated fire road and smashed the padlock to gain access. Defendant offered her a ride. He was sentenced to 45 years to life in prison. Because she failed to die straight away, Bittaker strangled her to death, and then threw her body over a cliff, once again confident that wildlife will clear up the mess for them. The evidence was admissible. Rptr. Cindy headed off along the Pacific Coast Highway. Just two months after he was released in 1963, he was jailed for parole violation, and was also suspected in a robbery. Much like the other victims, Shirley endured horrific rapes and torture with several instruments, including screwdrivers. 3d 1, 71-75 [168 Cal. FN 16. Norris joined the Navy and was stationed at San Diego until 1969, when he was sent to Vietnam for a four month tour of duty. Include gps location with grave photos where possible. Bittaker was sent to the California Mens Colony, a male only state prison in San Luis Obispo. Glenn was shown around Quantico in preparation for his role. As she tried to get away, Bittaker punched her in the face as hard as he could. But then one of them noticed that they were not heading toward the beach. 27, Defendant raises 40 guilt phase issues. Los siguientes cuatro meses, los 'Tookbox Killers' mataron a cuatro chicas ms (Andrea Joy Hall, de 18 aos, Jacqueline Gilliam, de 15, Leah Lamp, de 13, y Shirley Lynette Ledford, de 16 . On the sidewalk sat one lone shoe, dropped from Cindys foot as she was dragged into the van. Markman did not agree with the opinions of the other experts who had examined Bittaker. Within five minutes, Norris had grabbed the 16 year old and wrestled her into the back of the van. When he returned, Bittaker was alone, and grinning to himself over some Polaroid photographs he had in his hand. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Bittaker and Norris offered Lynette a ride home in their van; she accepted because she recognized Bittaker as a regular customer at the restaurant she worked at part time. Despite the less than respectable industry that is based there, the Valley is a great place to live. Lynette climbed into the van and they drove away. Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. And there, Shirley Lynette Ledford was hitchhiking when the van drew up alongside her. Glenn met up with top FBI profiler John Douglas. 3d 1067] when Norris said they were killed. When Cindy got closer, Norris asked again, and once again, Cindy declined. The coat hanger was so deeply embedded in Cindys neck that it had cut through the flesh, and blood was seeping out. Dalton realized that the description of Lynettes injuries and death were very similar to what Norris had told him. But, as time passed, they realized they were safe. Bittaker went to the van and came back with a wire coat hanger and he got over her head and around her throat. There were also other charges, including criminal conspiracy, deviant sexual assault, kidnapping, robbery, and rape. Failed to report flower. Rptr. Defendant, however, is barred from raising this objection on appeal because he failed to object to the playing of the tape in the trial court. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. On Halloween night, 1979, at approximately 10:30 p.m. Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris abducted their final victim, 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford as she hitchhiked home from a Halloween party in Los Angeles. Verify and try again. Shirley was from Oregon, but she was in California to visit her father, who was living in Manhattan Beach. Try again later. Shirley Ledford Murdered 1979 Murdered , Abducted , Bludgeoned , Raped , Serial Killer Victim , Stabbed , Strangled , Tortured Shirley Ledford was on her way home from a Halloween party when she was taken from outside a gas station in the Sunland-Tujunga suburb of Los Angeles on Oct. 31, 1979. 325, 88 A.L.R.2d 785] [attorney-client privilege].) Bittaker was sentenced to death for the murders of Cindy Schaefer, 16, Andrea Hall, 18, Jackie Gilliam, 15, Leah Lamp, 13, and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16. The audio cassette is now used to train and desensitize FBI agents to the raw reality of torture and murder. From the toolbox, he took a pair of vice grip pliers and began to pinch and tear at her body with them, targeting her nipples and vagina. Bittaker was also picked up and charged on suspicion of the kidnap and rape of Shirley Sanders. fn. Second, and perhaps more important, the judge did not conduct an adequate voir dire himself. The horrifying tape, which featured Ledford screaming and begging for her life, proved instrumental during Bittaker's trial in 1989. The killing and display of Lynette Ledford was a big mistake. Upon accepting the offer of a lift home and entering the van, Ledford was offered marijuana by Norris, which she refused. This time, as she attempted to walk past him, Norris grabbed her. Other people, including the courtroom artist, fled the room. He said to Douglas, I had no idea there were people out there who could do anything like this. Glenn left Quantico with his mind changed, he was now firmly in favor of the death penalty. (See also People v. Guzman (1988) 45 Cal. She had been hitchhiking home from her job. Caldwell v. Mississippi, supra, 472 U.S. 320, however, tells us that the sentencer must assume the full burden of deciding whether a defendant should live or die. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Understandably, the Navy no longer wanted Norris to be associated with them, and he was administratively discharged due to psychological problems. His fans write to him, and Bittaker writes back to them, and signs his letters with his nickname, Pliers.. 2d 620 [6 Cal. Getty ImagesLawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris had bonded over a love of sadism and fantasies of rape and torture. It was late, and when the GMC van drew alongside her, she was grateful for the ride. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. Subsequent cases, however, have steadily drawn back from the use of a per se standard. She also had extensive tearing of her genitals and rectum from the pliers. DESPICABLE PAIR BOTH DEATH. Bittaker, hearing about the arrest, started destroying the evidence. Prison, of course. Learn more about merges. 762.). (d) The attempted abduction of Jan Malin. Possibly because they were becoming over confident, the two men relaxed their guard for a moment too long. 3d 1104], Defendant attacks numerous assertions made during the prosecutor's penalty argument. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. [17a] This reasoning necessarily implies that an erroneous denial of a challenge for cause can be cured by giving the defendant an additional peremptory challenge. (The last execution in California took place in 2006 and since then there has been a Federal Court ordered moratorium on the death penalty in California over the lethal injection controversy.) 12. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Jackie Gilliam and Leah Lamp had been heading toward the beach, walking and hitchhiking, when they sat down to take a break. FN 22. FN 35. At the Colony, Bittaker made a new friend, a man named Roy Norris. What a horrible story. For both men, they have, effectively, got life sentences for the murder of five girls. When defendant was tried in 1981, the court apparently overlooked both Wiley, supra, 18 Cal. Although Ms. R. did not describe the van with the same specificity as North's victim's description of the car, the critical similarity is that in both cases the police had probable cause to believe the vehicle was not merely a container of evidence, but an instrumentality of the crime. This instruction was legally correct. But we did not endorse the prosecutor's arguments in Hendricks, Guzman or Boyde. Her fingers were cut, and there was a puncture wound in her hand, most likely caused by an ice pick. The San Fernando Valley is a familiar sight for moviegoers. (P. You already receive all suggested Justia Opinion Summary Newsletters. Halloween 1979, Shirley Lynette Ledford was standing outside of a gas station. Repeated psychiatric evaluations conducted by various prison doctors showed that Lawrence Bittaker was a psychopath who should not be paroled. He hit her in the left elbow with the sledgehammer over 25 times in total, while Lynette screamed and cried. He then strangled Hall until she died and threw the body over an embankment into some bushes. Bynum sent an officer to Oregon along with a bunch of photographs for Shirley to look through. 2020 Ancira Eagle Pass | All rights reserved. Rptr. medianet_height = "90"; What Happened To Mike Rush On Kvue, Jackie and Leah were continuously raped and tortured with wire coat hangers and pliers, and Bittaker took around 25 photographs of their ordeal. 3d 1065]. Bittaker moved to a new apartment, but Norris continued to live with his mother. The driver asked Shirley if she needed a lift. Bittakers behavior there caused the authorities to transfer him to the U.S. Medical Center in Springfield, Missouri. But then, Lynettes body was discovered and hit the media. Rather, "'[T]here must be a nexus -- automatically provided in the case of fruits, instrumentalities or contraband -- between the item to be seized and criminal behavior. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? To use this feature, use a newer browser. You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. For the residents of one house in Hermosa Beach, the fictional horrors of the night before turned into a real one the next morning. Shirley Ledford passed away at age 16 years old on November 1, 1979 in Los Angeles. The questions concerning the validity of the witness-killing and torture-murder special circumstances are technical matters which do not affect the admissibility of evidence. Andrea told him, pleading for life, and then Bittaker told her that he didnt think her reasons were good enough. Norris struggled with Cindy in the back, but then managed to get a strip of duct tape across her mouth, and managed to bind her wrists and ankles. But it wasnt enough for the Toolbox Killers to commit the heinous acts. The girls began to complain, but Bittaker, driving, said they wanted to go somewhere first, somewhere safe where they could smoke some pot and get high. Over the course of five months in 1979, Roy Norris and Lawrence Bittaker stalked Los Angeles County, kidnapping and raping five teenage girls before torturing them to death with instruments from their toolbox.. Stupidly, Norris began to brag about the four girls he and Bittaker had already murdered, describing their exploits in great detail. Then they bound her hands behind her back. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. A los cinco minutos de entrar en la camioneta Bittaker tir a Shirley del asiento del pasajero en la parte de atrs de la camioneta. In response to a question whether he could put that opinion out of his mind and decide the case on the evidence, he replied, "I wish I could say yes, okay, but I really don't think so." Bittaker took her around the throat and strangled her while, at the same time, Norris picked up a sledge hammer and used it to smash her seven times on the head. Search above to list available cemeteries. There, he was given a psychiatric examination, and he was found to be a manipulative and borderline psychotic with concealed hostility. This browser does not support getting your location. Some prisons, such as San Quentin, are harsh places, where a sentence is considered hard time. But the Mens Colony is not like that. Shirley Lynette Ledford suffered one of the worst deaths in history at the hands of the Toolbox Killers in 1979. cemeteries found in Hollywood Hills, Los Angeles County, California, USA will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Within 5 minutes of Shirley Lynette entering the van (which Bittaker and Norris referred to as "Murder Mac"), Bittaker had driven to a quiet side street, where he slammed on the brakes of the van before throwing Shirley from the passenger seat into the rear of the van. 3d 1106] Ketchel, supra, 59 Cal. For the same reason, we cannot determine whether it is reasonably probable that a result more favorable to defendant would have resulted from a timely objection. A woman answered the door and Norris asked if he could come in and use the telephone. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. 15, and Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, on Sept. 2, 1979; and 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford on Oct. 31, 1979. . George worked for the aircraft industry, a job which took him and his family on frequent moves around the country, until finally they ended up in California. [31] Christina Dralle testified that when she rejected defendant's advances, he pulled a gun and said, "you wouldn't argue if I pulled the trigger." Rather, seizure of any object in plain view which is itself evidence of a crime is legal (ibid.) Resend Activation Email. The remains of Cindy Schaeffer and Andrea Hall have never been found. On October 31, 1979, 16-year-old Lynette was on her way home around 10.30 pm from a Halloween party in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles when she encountered two real-life monsters Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris, also known as the Tool Box Killers. That anyone could take such great pleasure from causing people such great pain and suffering just boggles my mind. They sped away and the two men raped her while she was in the van. Dead Man Game, 457, 545 P.2d 833]; People v. Delgado (1973) 32 Cal. Norris testified about their shared history, and the five murders committed by them. Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). fn. After they had finished the alterations, sometime around 11 a.m., they began to drive aimlessly around, stopping at beaches and chatting with girls, drinking some beers, and always on the lookout for someone who would be suitable for their adventures. Bittaker and Norris other victims were all, like Lynette, teenage girls: Andrea Hall, 18, Lucinda Schaefer, 16, Jackie Gilliam, 15, and Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13. fn. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Killings began in June 1979 with the death of 16-year-old Lucinda Lynn Schaefer She was followed by Andrea Hall, 18; Jacqueline Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13, and 16-year-old Shirley Lynette Ledford ; Bittaker died on California's death row in December Shortly after, Bittaker decided to do some shoplifting, and while in a supermarket, he picked up a steak and hid it down his pants, then walked out. The woman said no. We have also noted the possible invalidity of one witness-killing and four torture-murder special circumstances. Norris climbed into the van and drove off, leaving Bittaker and Andrea alone on the fire road. Photo: AP/Shutterstock. Juror Mims was uncertain whether he could return a death verdict and told the judge, "If you ask me if I could kill somebody, I don't know. The petrified girl tried to do her best and screamed, but it was not enough for Bittaker. It was in the San Gabriel Mountains, in northern Los Angeles County, and the home to Mount Baldy and the Mount Wilson Observatory. Neither constitutional fn. Teenage girls go missing all the time, and there was nothing to suggest that they had been murdered. When Norris returned, they drove to a new location. This account has been disabled. The employee lived, and Bittaker was charged with attempted murder. Cindy convulsed for a few more moments before her body went limp and she stopped moving. They would get together on weekends, and go to the beach where defendant would photograph teenage girls. With a second deviation from their normal practice, the men decided not to drive up to the fire road. (Pp. An automatic appeal delayed the execution for two years, and another six years passed before a court affirmed the sentence. Once again, Bittaker under went a psychiatric examination, this time by a forensic psychiatrist named Dr. Ronald Markman. Bittaker went to trial, and Kay sought the death penalty. You can feel it in your gut when youre hearing the screams.. (P. Learn more about merges. He didnt have to wait long. ), FN 12. For the previous couple of years, Los Angeles had been terrorized by a series of murders committed by the Hillside Strangler, a singular name given to two killers, cousins Kenneth Bianchi and Angelo Buono, with some of the victims connected to the Valley. Norris was sentenced to 45 years to life, and would have to spend a minimum of 30 years in jail before being eligible for parole. Just two months after he was released in 1963, he was jailed for parole violation, and was also suspected in a robbery. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. The horror killings began in June 1979, with the death of Lucinda Lynn Schaefer, 16. The van pulled ahead and stopped, and Norris got out. Andrea Hall, 18; Jacqueline Gilliam, 15; Jacqueline Leah Lamp, 13; and Shirley Lynette Ledford, 16, were killed over the following five months. He was arrested. Il documentario del 2012 The Devil and the Death Penalty parla degli omicidi descrivendo i problemi riguardanti gli appelli nelle condanne a morte. Bittaker was given yet another evaluation, this time in 1977. He grabbed a baseball bat and swung it hard, hitting Leah in the head. On September 27, 1979, defendant and Norris attempted to abduct an unidentified woman, but she dodged behind the van and escaped. Please reset your password. In an attempt to evade the death penalty, Norris fully turned on Bittaker in return for a life sentence.