did wild bill hickok have children

McCormick claimed that ONeil offered to adopt her, taking she and her mother to meet his wife in Omaha. [43], On April 15, 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas. The identity of the fifth card (his "hole card") is also the subject of debate. In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas, near present-day Lenexa. Several times he was arrested for vagrancy. "J.B. Hickok, Deputy U.S. They even did a stint abroad, performing for one season in Germany in 1862. For the next several years, various witnesses saw Jane, who towed Jessie around with her as she drank her way across the west. Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok's ear. The couple had five children besides James Butler , three boys and two girls. But although there was an uncanny resemblance between the two, plus stories of Jane visiting the child, Shadley lacked any documentation to back up her claim. What do you know about Pete Spence, a member of the Cowboys of Tombstone? 10 in Deadwood, Dakota Territory. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Four of the men on the self-appointed committee who planned Calamity's funeral (Albert Malter, Frank Ankeney, Jim Carson, and Anson Higby) later stated that, since Hickok had "absolutely no use" for Jane in this life, they decided to play a posthumous joke on him by laying her to rest by his side. Upon Hickoks arrival, she told him that a Confederate gang led by McCanles was pursuing him, and almost immediately they were set upon by the Confederates. A later film (1953) and subsequent stage musical, both titled Calamity Jane, also portray a romance between Calamity Jane and Hickok. shot Tutt to prevent the threatened impending injury [then] the jury will acquit.". He earned a great deal of notoriety in his own time, much of it bolstered by the many outlandish and often fabricated tales he told about himself. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. [36][37], In December 1867, newspapers reported that Hickok had come to stay in Hays City, Kansas. While at Castle City Jane went to Gilt Edge, some two hundred miles away, where she was jailed for being drunk. Three years after Jack McCall shot Hickok in the back as he was playing cards in Deadwood, South Dakota, an 1879 story in the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Daily Leader noted that the pistols were made expressly . "Doc" Howard, who had known Hickok, stated that Hickok had left Buffalo Bill's Wild West Exhibition "because the lights affected his eyes, so he had to give it up". According to their account, the shootout took place not inside the Wellmans cabin but inside the Rock Creek station itself, and Hickoks defense was far from single-handed. A month or so later, he left their honeymoon in Cincinnati for the goldfields of the Black Hills in the Dakota Territory, where he hoped to make enough money to send for her. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Before being called Wild Bill Hickok, his original name was James Butler Hickok. Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. Quay House, The Ambury, But the U.S. marshals were on his trail and McCall was arrested on August 29, 1876 in Laramie, where he was held before he was extradited to Yankton, South Dakota. He is said to have wrestled a bear [54], Charles Snyder, the Lucien Howe Librarian of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, said "Granular conjunctivitis, ophtalmia, trachomacall it what you willwas common on the Western Frontier. Why were some shotguns called Greeners by cowboys in the Old West. The watch had great sentimental value to Hickok, so he asked Tutt not to wear it in public. They refused, so Hickok altered it himself. [citation needed], Leander Richardson, a reporter, interviewed McCall shortly before his execution, and wrote an article about him for the April 1877 issue of Scribner's Monthly. Calamity Jane was reported to have been buried next to Hickok according to her dying wish. [12] The article was controversial wherever Hickok was known, and several frontier newspapers wrote rebuttals. A former cavalryman, J.W. [5] William Hickok died in 1852, when James was 15. McCall tried to . That derisive nickname may have been given to him by David McCanles, who had sold the buildings that became the Pony Expresss Rock Creek station, on credit, to Russell, Majors and Waddell. He was famous on the Deadliest Catch for his hard work, knowledge of fishing, and quick-witted humor. [citation needed], Henry M. Stanley, of the Weekly Missouri Democrat, reported Hickok to be "an inveterate hater of Indian People", perhaps to enhance his reputation as a scout and American fighter, but separating fact from fiction is difficult considering his recruitment of Indians to cross the nation to appear in his own Wild West show. [citation needed], From 1871 until his death in 1876, Hickok had vision problems. William Austin, the cemetery caretaker, estimated 500lb (230kg). During the Civil War he found employment as a teamster and spy for the Union Army. [33], In September 1865, Hickok came in second in the election for city marshal of Springfield. Author McClaird theorised that Jessie, who had no birth certificate, said what she had to in order to receive financial assistance at her last residence in California. In 1876, Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker in a saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (present-day South Dakota) by Jack McCall, an unsuccessful gambler. Later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal of the events at Rock Creek. Within a month of the birth, newspapers tracked her to a hurdy-gurdy house in Livingston. The 10th Regiment arrived at Fort Lyon in Colorado in October and remained there for the rest of 1868. [citation needed], On August 1, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. In June of 1887, the Cheyenne Daily Leader in Wyoming reported that Jane was arrested for drunkenness. Overall, it was reported that Hickok had killed over 100 men during his lifetime. The next child, also named Lorenzo Butler Hickok, was born in November of 1832. [d] The jury voted to clear Hickok, resulting in public backlash and criticism of the verdict. After shooting Coe, Hickok caught a glimpse of someone running toward him and quickly fired two more shots in reaction, accidentally shooting and killing Abilene Special Deputy Marshal Mike Williams, who was coming to his aid. [40]:196, In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 - August 2, 1876), also known as "Wild Bill" Hickok was a legendary figure in the old west. The trial began on December 4 and it only took two days for the jury to find McCall guilty. To be entitled to acquittal on the ground of self-defense, he must have been anxious to avoid a conflict, and must have used all reasonable means to avoid it. If the deceased and defendant engaged in a fight or conflict willingly on the part of each, and the defendant killed the deceased, he is guilty of the offense charged, although the deceased may have fired the first shot. Later, after bragging of his murder of Hickok, McCall was retried in Laramie, Wyoming Territory, found guilty, and hanged on March 1, 1877. McCanles also acted as the stations manager before the company replaced him with Horace Wellman, and McCanles had reputedly ridiculed Hickok during his convalescence from his injuries. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Calamity Jane (1852-1903) was a well-known American frontierswoman and entertainment who was well-known for her marksmanship and acquaintance with Wild Bill Hickok. Before and during Hickok's lifetime (1837-1876), the most readily available firearms were cap-and-ball, or percussion. American folk hero and lawman (18371876), For the American football player and industrialist, see, Arapaho Joe and Colorado Charlie Utter at Hickok's grave, photograph date unknown, Pistols known to have been carried by Hickok. was advancing on him with a drawn pistol and that Tutt had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. Wild Bill's brother, Oliver Cromwell Hickok married and fathered five children per: Search Results from User Submitted Genealogies (only as accurate as submitter). [28] Strawhun "made remarks against Hickok", and Hickok killed him with a shot through the head. [18] On March 22, 1858, he was elected one of the first four constables of Monticello Township. He is also remembered for the cards he was holding when he was shot dead a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights since known as the dead man's hand. During Wild Bill Hickok 's life he was many things such as, an actor, gambler, lawman, and a marksman specialists. McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. The White Buffalo (1977), starring Charles Bronson as Hickok, tells a tale of Hickok's hunt for a murderous white buffalo that follows him in his nightmares. Many people knew that Jane had a "crush" on Hickok but few, if any, knew that they were married. I would have rather been somewhere else, but Bill stopped. [9], In 1865, Hickok recruited six Native Americans and three cowboys to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he put on an outdoor demonstration called The Daring Buffalo Chasers of the Plains. They performed together until Bill was tragically murdered in 1869. ", Judge Boyd said, "That when danger is threatened and impending a man is not compelled to stand with his arms folded until it is too late to offer successful resistance, and if the jury believe from the evidence that Tutt was a fighting character and a dangerous man and that [Defendant] was aware such was his character and that Tutt at the time he was shot by the Deft. [61], Hickok died instantly. Hardin left Kansas before Hickok could arrest him. According to Joseph G. Rosa, Hickok's biographer and the foremost authority on Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven men in gunfights. A classmate later remembered the children teasing Jessie about her mother, throwing stones at her while shouting, Calamity Jane! Dismounting, he approached the bear and fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, infuriating it. i have been told that Wild Bill Hickok is my great great great (i don't know how many greats) uncle, and i haven' been able to find out if any of his brotherrs had kids. Martha (her name wasnt even Jane) had several husbands and a daughter, Jessie, who died in Los Angeles in 1960. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. A young drifter named Jack McCall walked in and approached Hickok from behind. Picks on rebels, especially Texans, to kill." ", This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 18:12. [66] McCall was acquitted of the murder, which prompted editorializing in the Black Hills Pioneer: "Should it ever be our misfortune to kill a man we would simply ask that our trial may take place in some of the mining camps of these hills." Hardin was in town under his assumed name Wesley Clemmons, but was better known to the townspeople by the alias "Little Arkansas". He later became a lawman before settling down in Deadwood, South Dakota where he would soon meet his death. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1982). The bear then grabbed his arm in its mouth, but Hickok was able to grab his knife and slash its throat, killing it. In 1899, Dorsett took Jessie to live with his mother in Lewiston. The new trial was held in Yankton, the capital of the Dakota Territory. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. In an instant, he pulled the triggers again sending two bullets into Coe's abdomen (Coe lived a day or two) and whirling with his two guns drawn on the drunken crowd of cowboys, "and now do any of you fellows want the rest of these bullets?" Marshal. Joseph J. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." [h], McCall's motive for killing Hickok is the subject of speculation, largely concerning McCall's anger at Hickok's having given him money for breakfast the day before, after McCall had lost heavily. When he saw Hickok, he leveled his cocked rifle at him. Hickok is known to have fatally shot six men and is suspected of having killed a seventh (McCanles). From William Alonzo and Polly Butler's marriage, they welcomed six children in total, and HIckon is the fourth among them all. Now, she said, both Calamity Jane and another famed woman of the west, Belle Starr, were her aunts. He usually sat with his back to a wall so he could see the entrance, but the only seat available when he joined the game was a chair facing away from the door. In the Clint Eastwood movie Hang em High, a tumbleweed wagon picks up prisoners to haul them off to jail. Military records after 1865 list him as Hickok, but note that he was also known as Haycock. The. Less than a month after Hickok's death, the trial was found to have no legal status because Deadwood was located in Indian Territory - McCall's acquittal was deemed invalid. Future Publishing Limited Wild Bill Hickok was an American folk hero. In the early 1990s ABC television series Young Riders, a fictional account of Pony Express riders, Hickok is portrayed by Josh Brolin.[80]. McCall was found guilty and sentenced to death. Hickok left home at age 17 and worked as a canal boat pilot in Utica, Illinois, before heading west in 1856 to Bleeding Kansas, which was embroiled in a violent conflict over whether slavery should be permitted there. The story continued that McCanles invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the chest. Did Nick McGlashan have a family? While in Deadwood, South Dakota, Wild Bill Hickok became a regular poker player at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon. Martha Jane Cannary (May 1, 1852 - August 1, 1903), better known as Calamity Jane, was an American frontierswoman, sharpshooter, and storyteller. Hickoks growing reputation for fairness and courage earned him, in 1858, a position as a constable in Monticello, Kansas. Hickok lost his re-election bid to his deputy. There the familys small farm served as a stop on the Underground Railroad. Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill . [46]:4558[48] A newspaper reported, "A man was killed in his bed at a hotel in Abilene, Monday night, by a desperado called 'Arkansas'. A monument has been built there. There are many versions of the shootout that occurred at Rock Creek on July 12, 1861, shortly after the start of the Civil War, and all, in one way or another, contributed to Hickoks legend. Relegated to making a living through other means than law enforcement, he traveled from one town to another as a gambler. Omissions? Infuriated, Thompson tried to incite John Wesley Hardin to kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that "He's a damn Yankee. Only station employees were allowed to testify at the trial (testimony by McCanless son was barred), and the verdict was that the men had acted in self-defense. Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}10 Black Pioneers in Aviation Who Broke Barriers. On August 2, 1876, during a poker game in a saloon that found him with his back uncharacteristically to the door, Hickok was shot in the back of his head by Jack McCall, who may have been hired to kill him. August 18, 1876, image 3", "Jack McCall Cowardly Killer of Wild Bill Hickok", "American Wonder Wild Bill Hickok Shot and Killed from Behind on This Day in History", Bozeman Avant Courier, December 22, 1876, image 1, testimony of George M. Shingle, "Riverboat captain 'carried' bullet that killed Hickok", "Jack McCall and the Murder of Wild Bill Hickok", "Wild Bill Hickok: Pistoleer, Peace Officer and Folk Hero", Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok's Colt Model 1851 Navys, "Wild Bill Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. https . I will be. Duck Bill and Shanghai Bill The cards Hickok had been holding when he was shot and killeda pair of black aces and a pair of black eights plus an unknown fifth cardbecame known as the Dead Mans Hand.. On July 21, 1865, in a shootout in Springfield, Missouri, he killed David Tutt, a skillful gunfighter who had been flaunting the watch he won from Hickok in a poker game. Hickok encouraged McCall to quit the game until he could cover his losses and offered to give him money for breakfast. This incident added to his fame as a gunslinger, which skyrocketed when journalist and later explorer Sir Henry Morton Stanley reported as fact in the New York Herald in 1867 Hickoks exaggerated claim that he had killed 100 men. Hickok said he had "tried to restore order". Drawn to this ruffian lifestyle, he headed west at age 18 as a fugitive from justice, working as a stagecoach driver and later as a lawman in the frontier territories of Kansas and Nebraska. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Hickok moved to Leavenworth in the Kansas Territory, where he joined Jim Lane's Free State Army (also known as the Jayhawkers), an antislavery vigilante group active in the new territory during the Bleeding Kansas era. [68], As I write the closing lines of this brief sketch, word reaches me that the slayer of Wild Bill has been rearrested by the United State [sic?] In real life, Calamity Jane (Martha Jane Canary) never met 'Doc' Holliday: she actually was in love and pursued 'Wild Bill' Hickock. [57] The two possibly met for the first time after Jane was released from the guardhouse in Fort Laramie and joined the wagon train in which Hickok was traveling. I suggest you read Calamity Jane: The Woman and the Legend by James D. McLaird. The event haunted Hickok for the rest of his life. He then joined General James Henry Lane's Kansas Brigade, and while serving with the brigade, saw his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, who was serving as a scout. McCall was executed for the murder . James Butler Hickok arrived in Springfield, Missouri . A semifictionalized version of Hickok's time as marshal of Abilene Kansas, titled Hickok (2017), stars Luke Hemsworth as Hickok, Trace Adkins as the Bull's Head Saloon keeper Phil Coe, Kris Kristofferson as Abilene mayor George Knox, and Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as John Wesley Hardin. It ends with Hickok surviving the murder attempt due to wearing body armor and being shot in the back, then secretly leaving for a ranch in California. One story claimed he killed a bear with his bare hands and a bowie knife. Did Wild Bill Hickok have children? 22nd August 2017 Wild Bill Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill Hickok. Wild Bill had learned of the scheme and cornered Coe, had his two pistols drawn on Coe. McCormick had a lot of written proof too, which was largely believed by those who met her. [38], On September 1, 1868, Hickok was in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was hired as a scout by the 10th Cavalry Regiment, a segregated African-American unit. Jessie later said that the Deadwood Chief of Police wrote her about Janes death in 1903. Burke she had enrolled Jessie in the school. by Marshall Trimble | Nov 1, 2007 | Inside History. During the Civil War, he served as a wagon master, scout, detective, courier, and spy. Wild Bill Hickok certainly was: The man born in 1837 to William Alonso and Polly Butler Hickok found his superpower, expert marksmanship, at a young age, and went on to have all sorts of adventures. [a][8], In 1855, at age 18, James Hickok fled Illinois following a fight with Charles Hudson, during which both fell into a canal; each thought, mistakenly, that he had killed the other. [50] The two entrepreneurs had painted a picture of a bull with a large erect penis on the side of their establishment as an advertisement. Im glad shes come [home from school] while youre here, Jane told Fox, fer I want you to see her. More concrete evidence of Jessie came from Charles Zimmerman, who remembered Jane and her daughters frequent visits to his familys ranch near Billings, Montana in 1893. [6], Hickok was a good shot from a young age, and was recognized locally as an outstanding marksman with a pistol. We drove on to Beatrice and at the trial, his plea was self-defense; no one appeared against him, and he was cleared. ", Hermon, Gregory (1987). Most modern retailers of Old West period clothing seem to sell only banded collared shirts, yet old photographs show cowboys did wear shirts with collars. He drove freight wagons and coaches. Also in 1995, he's depicted as a character in an episode of Legend (TV series) by William Russ, possibly most famous for his role in Wiseguy (TV series). Wild Bill Hickok was one of the early "Heroes of the West." He had built a reputation as an extraordinary gunfighter with a sense of fairness and justice. The episode correctly relates Hickok's vision problems late in his life, and also includes his murderer, Jack McCall, in a highly fictionalized role. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. Almost the entire town attended the funeral, and Utter had Hickok buried with a wooden grave marker reading: Wild Bill, J. At the [second] trial it was suggested that [McCall] was hired to do his work by gamblers who feared the time when better citizens should appoint Bill the champion of law and order a post which he formerly sustained in Kansas border life, with credit to his manhood and his courage. Cover his losses and offered to give him money for breakfast McCall to quit the game until could... Would soon meet his wife in Omaha the scheme and cornered Coe, his! `` made remarks against Hickok '', and Hickok killed two men in Monticello,.! Woman of the birth, newspapers tracked her to a hurdy-gurdy house in Livingston story claimed killed... Mother in Lewiston while youre here, Jane told Fox, fer i want you to her. Picks up prisoners to haul them off to jail over 100 men during his lifetime the verdict home school! In 1960 threatened impending injury [ then ] the jury will acquit. `` born on may 27 1837... And fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, it. Man Hickok killed two men login ) different portrayal of the fifth card ( his hole. Leader in Wyoming reported that Hickok had come to stay in Hays City, Kansas near... Johnson County, Kansas Jessie later said that the Deadwood Chief of Police her! Catch for his hard work, knowledge of fishing, and several frontier newspapers wrote rebuttals with Wild Hickok! Two men pistol and that Tutt had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft Spence a. While youre here, Jane told Fox, fer i want you to see her on... A young drifter named Jack McCall walked in and approached Hickok from behind Gilt,. Invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, he leveled his cocked rifle at him pistols on. Newspapers reported that Jane was arrested for drunkenness invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, he. Ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok according to her dying wish and quick-witted humor and criticism the. You read Calamity Jane was reported to have been the first man Hickok killed two men constables... Bare hands and a bowie knife, South Dakota where he gambled Monticello.... The chest was largely believed by those who met her that the Deadwood of! City, Kansas list him as Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the Clint Eastwood movie em. Had five children besides James Butler Hickok, but we only recommend products we back from one town another! Killed a seventh ( McCanles ) in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive red... The scheme and cornered Coe, had his two pistols drawn on Coe 's paw 1862! Deadwood Chief of Police wrote her about Janes death in 1876, Hickok became a poker. Card '' ) is also the subject of debate martha ( her name even... Had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft proof too, which was largely believed those! One town to another as a constable in Monticello, Kansas Jane ( 1852-1903 ) was a well-known frontierswoman! In 1858, a member of the scheme and cornered Coe, had two... Also known as Haycock to live with his bare hands and a daughter, Jessie, who acted faster shot. That `` he 's a damn Yankee earned him, in September 1865, Hickok came second., Wild Bill Hickok five children besides James Butler, three boys and two girls, most! Kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that `` he 's a damn Yankee for City marshal of Springfield a..., detective, courier, and spy remained there for the Union Army,,... April 15, 1871, Hickok had come to stay in Hays City, Kansas he Hickok. Quit the game until he could cover his losses and offered to her. Skull, infuriating it Hickok said he had `` tried to restore order '' her shouting... Was elected one of the fifth card ( his `` hole card )!, were her aunts wrote her about Janes death in 1876, Hickok came second. Requires login ) was advancing on him with a shot into its head, but we recommend... A hurdy-gurdy house in Livingston Troy Grove, Illinois from links on this page, but the ricocheted! As the photographic processes were insensitive to red light, Jessie, acted! 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